Finding a lump in the breast remains the primary symptom of discovery. In many cases, this cancer exists well before it can be felt. So, regular breast examinations and mammograms remain a crucial tool for diagnosis.
In the early stages of breast cancer, there may be no symptoms at all. As the cancer grows, symptoms can include:
- A new lump in the breast, armpit area or around the collarbone.
- Breast changes such as size or shape.
- Nipple changes, such as sores, crusting, ulcers or inverted nipple.
- Nipple discharge (clear or bloody).
- Skin changes including redness, puckering or dimpling (an ‘orange peel’ appearance).
- Breast tenderness or pain.
If these symptoms are present, or an abnormality is seen on screening then the next step is for a biopsy to be performed. This gives the treating doctors (surgeons and oncologists) information about the cancer to help plan the best treatment.
Sometimes scans, such as a CT, bone scan or PET scan, are required to complete assessment, this is to ensure that the cancer has not spread beyond the breast and lymph nodes.
Genomic testing can give further information about the potential benefit of chemotherapy. The breast cancer is analysed after removal to assess its risk of recurrence. At this time this testing is not funded by either Medicare or private health insurance and so is an optional cost which would be paid directly by the patient. This testing is not indicated in every breast cancer and can be discussed further in your consultation.